bt365体育娱乐-bt356体育平台
Renewable hydropower is a reliable, 多功能和低成本的清洁发电来源和负责任的水管理.
bt356体育平台的水电站正在帮助加快清洁能源的转型, providing essential power, storage, flexibility and climate mitigation services.
Hydropower is also a key asset for building secure, clean, electricity systems and reaching global net zero targets.
More factsheets:
Pumped storage hydropower | Regional interconnections
Greenhouse gas emissions | Green bonds | Resettlement
Fish and aquatic biodiversity | World Heritage and Protected Areas
There are four main types of hydropower plants: run-of-river, storage, pumped storage and offshore hydropower.
世界上只有一小部分大坝是为水力发电而建的, with the majority used for irrigation, water supply, flood control and other purposes.
除了发电，许多水电站大坝还有多种用途, 提供基础设施，为家庭提供清洁用水, industry and agriculture, as well as recreation and transportation services.
水电工程可以用来调节和储存水，以减轻洪水和干旱等极端天气bt365体育娱乐的影响, which are on the rise due to climate change. More.
Around 60 per cent of all renewable electricity is generated by hydropower. The sector produces about 16 per cent of total electricity generation from all sources.
In its 2021 Hydropower Special Market Report在美国，国际能源署(IEA)的报告称，水力发电占全球能源消耗的一半早期世界三分之一的电力供应能力灵活 and has the potential to provide even more.
没有一个国家能够在能源结构中没有水电的情况下实现100%的可再生能源.
2020年水电装机容量达到1330亿千瓦 发电量达到创纪录的4370太瓦时(TWh). 中国、巴西、美国、加拿大和印度是装机容量最大的水电生产国.
中国、巴西、美国、加拿大和印度是装机容量最大的水电生产国. More.
Between 2015 and 2019, 世界水电装机容量同比平均增长2倍.1 per cent.
水电是风能和太阳能等可变可再生能源的理想补充, 多亏了它的灵活性和储能服务.
当这些间歇性的能源不可用时，水电可以满足需求. Pumped storage hydropower它就像一个绿色的可充电电池，在供过于求时吸收能量.
Hydropower is among the cleanest sources of electricity，与其他能源形式相比，温室气体排放强度较低.
Independent research 这表明使用水力发电而不是化石燃料发电有助于避免超过 仅在过去的50年里就排放了1000亿吨二氧化碳甚至超过了核能所避免的排放量. 这大约相当于美国20年的碳足迹总量.
在发电厂的生命周期中，水力发电提供了一些 lowest greenhouse gas emissions 每单位能量的生成,以及多个 environmental benefits. (IEA Hydropower Special Market Report 2021)
If hydropower was replaced by coal, IHA estimates up to 4 billion tonnes 每年将排放更多的温室气体, 全球化石燃料和工业排放增加10%. 每年还会有1.5亿吨的空气污染微粒排放.
According to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)在美国，世界现有的水力发电能力将需要增加大约一倍 60 per cent by 2050 达到2150万千瓦，以帮助将全球气温的上升幅度控制在2摄氏度以下.
The IEA has reported that 1,300 GW of additional hydropower capacity 是否需要将温度上升控制在a 1.5 degree target.
Such growth would help generate some 600,000 skilled jobs 在未来十年内，预计需要的投资为 US$1.7 trillion.
国际能源署数据显示，2019年全球水电投资超过500亿美元, far short of the estimated US$100 billion a year required to help meet the organisation's Sustainable Development Scenario.
水电在其漫长的使用周期内提供了非常低成本的电力, 尽管前期建设成本相对较高.
2018年全球水力发电项目加权平均成本为 US$0.047 per kWh，使它成为许多市场中成本最低的电力来源(IRENA).
水电提供了向邻国出口大量收入的机会. 此外，水电行业直接雇用周围 2 million people worldwide, and many more in connected supply chains (IRENA)
各种规模的水电工程都能给社区和环境带来净效益, 前提是它们在河流流域具有战略上的契合性，并负责地开发和运营.
The Hydropower Sustainability Tools 存在，以确保项目可以开发和运行符合良好的实践. 这些准则和评估工具涵盖26个环境领域, social and governance performance criteria.
Governed by a multi-stakeholder group of civil society, industry, governments and financial institutions, 这些工具与世界银行和其他组织制定的保障措施相一致. More.
可持续水电有助于实现《联合国可持续bt356体育平台议程》, as well as the Paris Agreement on climate change.
The 17 Sustainable Development Goals 被联合国所有成员国政府采纳，并为各国政府提供了优先考虑的蓝图, multilateral organisations, business and civil society.
When responsibly developed and operated, 水电项目可以直接支持实现可持续bt356体育平台目标6, 7, 9 and 13:
Goal 6: 确保为所有人提供和可持续管理水
Goal 7: 为所有人提供负担得起、可靠、可持续和现代能源
Goal 9: 用清洁、环保技术升级基础设施
Goal 13: 采取行动应对气候变化及其影响
